Imagine you forget important concepts just when you need them most.
Or you spend hours learning a new skill, only to have the information slip away over time.
This slows down your progress and leads to wasted time and effort as you go back over the same material repeatedly.
But what if there was a way to keep what you learn fresh in your mind?
A simple solution is spaced repetition. By reviewing topics at strategic intervals, you can spend less time studying and retaining key information for a long time.
This guide will show you how you can use this study technique to learn effectively.
By the end of this guide, you will know:
What is spaced repetition, and how does it work?
Why is it the best method for learning?
How to use space repetition effectively?
Let’s get started.
What is Spaced Repetition?
Spaced repetition is a learning method that helps you remember more information in less time.
It involves reviewing the material at gradually increasing intervals to keep your memory fresh.
Instead of cramming everything into one long study session, you divide it into multiple smaller sessions spread over a longer time span.
Think of it as spacing out your learning over time so your brain has a chance to retain the information better.
The more frequently you see something, the less often you will need to refresh your memory.
Theory Behind Spaced Repetition
The concept is based on how the human brain perceives memory.
When you learn something new, your brain initially stores it in short-term memory.
If you don’t strengthen that memory by revisiting it, you start forgetting important details.
This is supported by evidence-based research conducted by a German psychologist, Hermann Ebbinghaus.
He demonstrated this using a forgetting curve that shows how humans forget information over time. In short, you will forget:
50% of what you have learned after 1 hour.
70% of the information within 24 hours.
And up to 90% in a week.
Although the memory is not completely erased, you cannot retrieve it because your ability to access it fades over time.
Consider it like computer storage: You save the file somewhere but can’t find it when you need it.
Spaced repetition fights against this by reminding your brain to check in or recall the material just as you are about to forget it.
This gives your brain time to absorb and store information and turn short-term memory into long-term memory.
Example:
Imagine you have a week to learn a new software tool.
You may either cram all the learning material the night before you are due to use the tool, or you can break it down into short daily sessions and repeat what you have learned every two days.
Both approaches will work and allow you to use the software.
However, if you use spaced repetition, you can retain and use your skills more effectively and for a longer time.
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Instead of reviewing them every day, you need to focus on specific terms that you find difficult or are likely to forget.
Use Flashcards
Flashcards are one of the best ways to implement a spaced repetition system.
You can customize how often you view them based on your learning progress.
It allows you to review multiple times, but each review happens farther apart than the last.
The Leitner system, also known as the box method, is a simple but effective way to use flashcards to learn.
Here’s how it works:
Start with writing what you want to learn on a set of flashcards.
Divide the cards into different boxes based on their difficulty level. For example, you can label Box 1 for cards you struggle with and Box 2 for cards you know a bit better.
Use a different study time interval for each box. For example, you can review Box 1 every day, Box 2 every other day, Box 3 a week later, and so on.
When you answer a card correctly, move it to the next box so you will review it less often.
If you get a card wrong, move it back to the first box so you can review the material more frequently.
This way, the concepts that are at your fingertips are reviewed less, while the difficult ones get more attention.
Review at Key Intervals
You don’t need to follow a strict spaced repetition schedule to learn.
The goal is to create intervals based on how easily you remember the information.
Many factors influence optimal intervals, such as:
Learning capacity: Some people have a stronger ability to retain information and memorize topics quickly. It depends on individual skills. You can adjust the intervals based on your learning ability.
Timeline: It depends on how much time you have to learn. Shorter intervals may be better if you have a deadline approaching.
Complexity: Not all material is equally difficult to learn. Start with shorter intervals for easier recall when learning a complex topic. You can gradually increase the intervals once you have established a clear concept.
Try different intervals to see what works best for you without overloading your brain.
Here is a general idea of how to create intervals:
1st repetition: 1 day after learning
2nd repetition: 3 days later
3rd repetition: 7 days later
4th repetition: 14 days later
5th repetition: 1 month later
If you can’t find the right balance, you can use tools and apps to make the process easier.
Spaced Repetition Apps and Tools
Spaced repetition software tools automatically schedule reviews at the right intervals.
These tools use algorithms to analyze performance and create intervals accordingly.
For example, if you remember something easily, the app will push the next review further out. If you struggle, it reminds you to review more.
Some benefits of using digital tools include:
Spaced repetition algorithms for individual learning ability.
Customization options for review schedule.
Community support and multiple flashcard decks to choose from.